External resource

CBO: The Effects of Automatic Stabilizers on the Federal Budget

Congressional Budget Office analysis of how existing tax and spending rules respond automatically to economic conditions.

Authority and currency

About this authority

Publisher
Congressional Budget Office
Standing
Primary authority
Version
November 2024
Relevant parts
Summary; definitions and estimated budget effects of automatic stabilizers
Currency
current · checked Aug 7, 2026

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The report gives the fiscal-policy lesson a concrete distinction between rules that respond without new legislation and discretionary policy changes. It also models the counterfactual discipline required to estimate how much of a budget change comes from economic conditions.

The published estimates belong to the stated period and baseline. They cannot be carried forward as current amounts or treated as proof of one universal multiplier.